Thursday, May 7, 2020

Alice in Wonderland Essay - 1250 Words

Alice in Wonderland Alice in Wonderland by Charles L Dodgeson (Lewis Carrol) is a classic masterpiece and example of great literature. Many people know of this book as merely a child’s tale or a Disney movie. As both were adopted from the book, many of the ideas were not. I have my own feelings and opinions of this book. Remarkable use of words and an originally creative theme and plot structure are both used in this book. The author of this novel used many hidden meanings, symbolism, and ambiguous terms to greatly describe the actual nature of the story. Many people have different views as to the type of book it is and the novel’s actual meaning. Although this book inspires many people to laugh, it also inspires them think.†¦show more content†¦The Turtle is sad, so Alice and the Gryphon sing for it. Trial started when Alice was dragged in. The trial is for the Jack of Hearts is accused of stealing the Queen’s tarts. Judge of the trial is the King, with some animals as the jury and the White Rabbit as the court herald. The Mad Hatter is called as a witness and Alice starts to grow in her seat. When she gets up, she knocks the jury off the box and has to put them back in. When the King and Queen try to condemn the Jack, Alice yells at them. Then The King and Queen are very rude to Alice until she loses her temper. She yells at the cards and gets into a fight with them. Suddenly, they all leap on her. Alice then finds herself lying on the riverbank with her sister helping her. Her sister is told all about Alice’s dream and then Alice has some tea. She thinks about weather she will remember her adventures when she grows older and has her own children. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This book, in my opinion, uses many examples of symbolism and ambiguous terms and comments. It also has some great themes. Expressed examples of this are found throughout the novel. I think that this novel may have been influenced by the use of opium. In the author’s time, opium was habitually used in 5 out of 6 families. The caterpillar smoking was probably alluding to the use of opium. Also, the caterpillar talking about the mushroom would do to Alice if she ateShow MoreRelatedAlice Of Wonderland By Alice Walker1159 Words   |  5 Pages†¢ Alice is the main character in Alice in wonderland because she is the first character mentioned in the play and the story is named after her. Alice is also a shy girl â€Å" Alice very quietly wandered away and sat down under a tree†pg2 †¢ Alice in wonderland takes place during summer in a magical place called wonderland. I know this because the play is called Alice in wonderland. â€Å"One warm and quiet summer afternoon, a little girl named Alice was in her garden†Read More Reflective Essay: Alice in Wonderland1521 Words   |  7 PagesThere and back again with Alice I gasp my hands on my knees, bent over, out of breath. I can feel my lungs compressing and pushing hard against my chest in an effort to fit just a little more air. My palms are wet, beads of sweat trickle down my forehead, making my hair feel wet and sticky. My shirt is drenched in sweat. I stare at the ground and see the stalks of grass, standing tall like trees to the tiny ants that scurry among them. What I must look like to those minuscule creatures, like a giantRead MoreAlice in Wonderland Literary Analysis Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesAlice In Wonderland Literary Analysis Many themes are explored when reading Lewis Carrol’s, Alice in Wonderland. Themes of childhood innocence, child abuse, dream, and others. Reading the story, it was quite clear to see one particular theme portrayed through out the book: child to adult progression. Alice in Wonderland is full of experiences that lead Alice to becoming more of herself and that help her grow up. It’s a story of trial, confusion, understanding, and success. And more confusion. ThoughRead MoreAlice s Journey Through Wonderland958 Words   |  4 Pages Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is fundamentally about the growth of the character of Alice. In the Victorian period 1837- 1901, there was a changes in children education and reflexively development of children literature. Therefore when writing Lewis Carroll attempts to put forth a form of education within the text. The story follows Alice who is a seven year old well-mannered victorian girl that stumbles through a rabbit hole into th e magical world of Wonderland. Alice takes on the role of theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Mad Hatter In Alice In Wonderland1576 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: In Disney’s Alice in Wonderland, a twenty-year-old girl named Alice Kingsley experiences very strange dreams ever since she was child. She dreams of a smiling cat, a white rabbit in a waist coat, a blue caterpillar and much more unusual things. At her surprise engagement party, Alice was walking in the garden when she noticed something strange. To her surprise, she saw a white rabbit in a waist coat that looked exactly like the one in her dreams. Suddenly, Alice becomes overwhelmed atRead MoreAlice s Wonderland : Carbon Copy1186 Words   |  5 PagesAlice in Wonderland Masterpiece: Carbon Copy Can a perfect Alice movie be made by only mixing and matching aspects of more than one movie? If so, how would it be accomplished? I propose that it can be done and this paper has compile information showing by finding the perfect Alice Character, sticking to the true spirit of Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland original story line, incorporating the right visual and special effects, as well as, the best animation, sound, art direction, and the bestRead MoreWhat Really Happened to Alice in Wonderland1336 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Really Happened In Wonderland... It was a bright, sunny day in the Red Queen’s rose garden when all of a sudden I heard my name being called. â€Å"WHERE IS THAT WHITE RABBIT?!† yelled the Queen. â€Å"Oh no†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ I thought. I felt myself being pulled out of my hiding place from under the bushes. â€Å"There you are† the Red Queen scowled. â€Å"I need you to fetch me a girl named Alice and bring her back to me immediately† she said again. â€Å"Alice?† I managed to breathe out. â€Å"Yes† she said. â€Å"And I need her here beforeRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Mad Hatter In Alice In Wonderland1600 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: In Disney’s Alice in Wonderland, a twenty-year-old girl named Alice Kingsley experiences very strange dreams ever since she was a child. She dreams of a smiling cat, a white rabbit in a waistcoat, a blue caterpillar and much more unusual things. At her surprise engagement party, Alice was walking in the garden when she noticed something strange. To her surprise, she saw a white rabbit in a waistcoat that looked exactly like the one in her dreams. Suddenly, Alice becomes overwhelmed atRead MoreAlice in Wonderland889 Words   |  4 PagesIdentity Crisis Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland follows the story of young Alice trapped in the world of Wonderland after falling down through a rabbit-hole. The rabbit-hole which is filled with bookshelves, maps, and other objects foreshadows the set of rules, the ones Alice is normally accustomed to, will be defied in Wonderland. This conflict between her world and Wonderland becomes evident shortly after her arrival as evinced by chaos in â€Å"Pool of Tears† and Alice brings up the main theme of theRead MoreEssay on alice and wonderland1866 Words   |  8 Pages Finding the Child in Us All Lewis Carroll’s classic Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland has entertained not only children but adults for over one hundred years. The tale has become a treasure of philosophers, literary critics, psychoanalysts, and linguists. It also has attracted Carroll’s fellow mathematicians and logicians. There appears to be something in Alice for everyone, and there are almost a s many explanations of the work as there are commentators. It may be perhaps Carroll’s fantastical style

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Management position within hospitality industry Free Essays

The most complex work in the hotel in terms of communication and of coordinating and completing working documents is done by Floor Managers. These employees often supervise others who perform service tasks directly for the guests. Floor Managers are responsible for liaising between Room Attendants on the guest floors and managers in the housekeeping office. We will write a custom essay sample on Management position within hospitality industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Qualifications required are a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in hotel management, and work experience in hospitality industry. At the basement-level housekeeping office, Floor Managers report and monitor room status and special room requests received from other parts of the hotel. They check the computer-generated status reports for discrepancies from their visual checks of the actual rooms. If a room coded for check-out appeared occupied on the floor, they would check the Expected Departure report on the computer to see if the guest had actually checked out (Bardi 2002). Usually, the main requires are: Supervision Inventory management Quality Control Coordination of other managers and staff Shipping and receiving Documentary control (Floor Manager Position 2007). The responsibilities are: Each one supervises 15 Room Attendants and two Housemen, covering three to four floors, or 240–320 rooms. On the floors, they check the status and progress of room cleaning, inspected rooms and augmented the Room Attendants’ work. One of their duties, for example, is putting triple bed sheets and extra amenities in VIP rooms. They have to get the extra sheet, then take some of the bedding off and remake the bed. The number of VIPs they had to do beds for is never predictable, and they have to squeeze them into their regularly scheduled activities. The number of floors and rooms Floor Managers are responsible for varied, too, because of airline employee guests, who rarely checked out until after the day shift finished, and because of movement in the predicted house counts (overall room occupancies) (Powers and Barrows 2002). The Floor Managers are all in the office together at three times during the day: the beginning and end of the shift, and during the midmorning clearing and briefing meeting. These are busy, but not clearly structured times, with managers picking up special supplies, double-checking irregularities in the room status reports, answering phones. In Hilton Hotels, for instance, Floor Managers work is organized as follows: workday starts, between 7 and 8; the Floor Managers come in and prepared their own worksheets for the day; they check the 6:30 a.m. room status reports and special requests, along with the log book confirming their floor assignments;  then they go up on the floors to check the room status and supply needs with each Room Attendant, who has verified their status as soon as she/he arrives on the floor; Floor Managers then return downstairs to check and adjust room assignments against the Coordinator’s log book (Powers and Barrows 2002). For example, some rooms in the early-morning computer status report noted as vacant and clean may have become occupied in the interim. Or vacant and clean rooms may have become VIP or rush rooms, which Floor Managers would hear about in the office and have to inform the Room Attendant about. In many cases, Floor Manager’s position is called a â€Å"supervisor†. Floor Managers themselves have to identify VIP rooms and they have to spend extra time to set up the rooms, and collect and deliver the extras. The VIP rooms could not be neglected, and they are seldom blocked (assigned by Front Desk) in advance. So throughout the day, Floor Managers have to monitor upcoming VIP rooms and prepare them in time for the guests’ arrival (Powers and Barrows 2002). Work stress and pressure is a remarkable feature of this position. Very often, checking room reports against their lists, for example, is interrupted by a ringing telephone or a co-worker’s query. Most often the interruption involves a guest’s urgent request, which demanded an immediate response. People write down notes, speak on the phone to guests, page others to fill requests and relay orders to the Centralized Action Room. Several talks at once; seldom are the exchange restricted to two people (Stutts 2001). Floor Managers work primarily from photocopied forms attached to clipboards that they fill out each day as they completed their work. The worksheets serve as organizational tools, memory aids and long-term records, to be boxed and stored for a prescribed number of years. From my observations throughout the hotel, the computers stored information on sales, purchases, personnel and payroll, and guests and occupancy rather than any detailed records of daily work. And unless each Floor Manager is equipped with a hand-held computer, inputting such information would have been impractical when there is already a paper record. In the basement office, Floor Managers also check for recent special requests like rush rooms or VIPs, or they receive them as phone messages, occasionally via pager (Stutts 2001). References Bardi J.A. (2002). Hotel Front Office Management Wiley; 3 edition. Floor Manager Position (2007). Retrieved 01 July 2007, Powers T., Barrows C.W. (2002). Introduction to the Hospitality Industry. Wiley, 5 edition. Stutts A. (2001). Hotel and Lodging Management. An Introduction. Wiley. How to cite Management position within hospitality industry, Essay examples

Monday, April 27, 2020

The Book of Judges Essay Example For Students

The Book of Judges Essay The book of Judges is the sequel to Joshua. It is the seventh book of the Old Testament. It recounts stories and events from the death of the hebrew leader and prophet Joshua to the birth of the hebrew Samuel. That is roughly, from the end of the Israelite conquest of Canan in the 13th Century B.C to the begining of the monarchy in the 11 th century B. C. It tells about the hebrews from Joshuas Death to the time of Samuel. It was written in about 550 BC, on tablets named the Ras Shamra tablets. The Ras Shamra tablets where later discovered in the early 20th Century, even though the stories and acountings of the judges where already known and written. We will write a custom essay on The Book of Judges specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The book of Judges belongs to a specific historical tradition which is called the Deuteronomic history. The author of the book of Judges, was in exile in Babylonia. While in exile he was deeply concerned with foreign domination. So he wrote many of his stories on the migration of the tribe of Dan to the North and the sins of the Benjamites. The author emphasized that Israel was being influenced by foreign powers and the loss of freedom and prosperity. Recurring throughout the book is the stereotyped formula: The people of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the lord. Then after each period or subjection the author introduces another formula: But when the people of Israel cried the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer for the people. Through-out the book, the book of judges tells about prophets, rulers and influencial people such as: Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Gideon, Tilian and Samson. There are also many more minor people. The name of the book is very deceptive, because there werent any judges at all, nor any judges notified of this book been written. The word Judges was actually a translation for the hebrew word Shofet which signifies a ruler or a great military ruler, which through out the book, influencial people such as Samson and or even Joshua are described as the Judges. The book of judges is supprisingly part of the book of prophets, because many prophets are mentioned and reported apon. The stories start with the conflict then end usually with the resolution. The resolution is often the Israelites asking for Gods forgiveness. The structure of the book of Judges is quiet complex. The introduction of the conquest of Canaan and a characterization of the period of the judges. The main body of the book consists of narratives about the judges. The book concludes withe supplements about the migration of the tribe of Dan to the North and about the sins of the Benjamites.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Relationship of the United States and Japan

Relationship of the United States and Japan The earliest contact between both countries was through merchants and explorers. Later in the mid-1800s several representatives from the U.S. traveled to Japan in order to negotiate trade agreements, including Commodore Matthew Perry in 1852 who negotiated the first trade treaty and the Convention of Kanagawa. Likewise, a Japanese delegation came to the U.S. in 1860 in hopes of strengthening diplomatic and trade relations between both countries. World War II World War II saw the countries pitted against each other after the Japanese bombed the American naval base at  Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1941. The war ended in 1945 after Japan suffered tremendous causalities from the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the firebombing of Tokyo. Korean War Both China and the US got involved in the Korean War in support of the North and the South respectively. This was the only time when soldiers from both countries actually fought as the U.S./U.N. forces battled Chinese soldiers upon Chinas official entrance in the war to counter American involvement. Surrender On August 14, 1945, Japan surrendered leading to an occupation by the victorious Allied forces. Upon gaining control of Japan, U.S. President Harry Truman appointed General Douglas MacArthur as Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers in Japan. The Allied forces worked on the reconstruction of Japan, as well as consolidating political legitimacy by publicly standing on the side of Emperor Hirohito. This allowed MacArthur to work within the political system. By the end of 1945, approximately 350,000 U.S. servicemen were in Japan working on a wide variety of projects. Post War Transformation Under Allied control, Japan undertook a remarkable transformation characterized by the new constitution of Japan which emphasized democratic principles, educational and economic reform, and demilitarization which was embedded in the new Japanese constitution. As the reforms took place MacArthur gradually shifted political control over to the Japanese culminating in the 1952 Treaty of San Francisco which officially ended the occupation. This framework was the beginning of a close relationship between both countries that lasts until this day. Close Cooperation The period after the San Francisco treaty has been characterized by close cooperation between both countries, with 47,000 US military servicemen remaining in Japan by invitation of the Japanese government. Economic cooperation has also been playing a large role in the relationship with the US providing Japan with significant amounts of aid in the post-war periods as Japan became an ally in the Cold War. The partnership has resulted in the reemergence of the Japanese economy which remains one of the strongest economies in the region.

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Ironic Famous Last Words

Ironic Famous Last Words Whether realized at the time they are said or only in hindsight, nearly everyone will express a word, phrase or sentence that proves the last thing he or she ever says while alive. Sometimes profound, sometimes every day, here you will find a select collection of the last words spoken by various people that appear ironic in hindsight. Note: The following quotations are organized alphabetically by the individuals last name followed by the year in which he or she died. R. Budd Dwyer (1987) Dont, dont, dont, this will hurt someone. Embroiled in a bribery scandal, Pennsylvania Treasurer Dwyer decided to commit suicide rather than resign publicly. After addressing reporters gathered at a press conference the day before a Pennsylvania court was scheduled to issue Dwyers sentence for his earlier bribery conviction, the state treasurer cut short his prepared remarks and produced a .357 caliber handgun to the astonishment of attendees. As people tried to defuse the situation and take the gun from him, Dwyer warned reporters not to approach as he placed the gun in his mouth and pulled  the trigger. Stephen Irwin (2006) Dont worry, they usually dont swim backwards. While filming a documentary near Australias Great Barrier Reef, The Crocodile Hunter encountered a stingray that defensively used its tail spine to ward off Irwin, piercing his chest. Despite the efforts of his production and boat crews to save his life, Irwin died from cardiac arrest and  excessive loss of blood. Terry Alan Kath (1978) Dont worry†¦ its not loaded. The founding member of the rock group Chicago thought the .38 caliber revolver he pointed to his head was unloaded. John F. Kennedy (1963) No, you certainly cant. Jacqueline Kennedy testified on June 5, 1964, that these were President Kennedys last words- or something to this effect- in response to the statement by Nellie Connally, the wife of Texas Governor John Connally. He remarked just before an assassins bullet struck the president: You certainly cant say that the people of Dallas havent given you a nice welcome. Vic Morrow (1982) Ive got to be crazy to do this shot. I shouldve asked for a double. During the filming of a scene for Twilight Zone: The Movie, the planned pyrotechnic explosions damaged the tail rotor of a helicopter that was part of the sequence, causing the pilot to lose control of the craft. The helicopters main rotor decapitated Morrow and a seven-year-old actor he carried in his arms and crushed a second child actor when it crashed. Charged with involuntary manslaughter, a jury ultimately acquitted the films director, John Landis, of the charges. Hector Hugh Munro, aka Saki (1916) Put that bloody cigarette out! Serving in the British Army during World War I, Saki (the pen name of British author Munro) uttered his last words on a French battlefield. A German sniper saw the lit cigarette or overheard Sakis order and shot the 43-year-old. (Incidentally, there is an interesting death-related superstition revolving around soldiers lighting cigarettes on a battlefield called Three on a Match.) Lawrence Oates (1912) I am just going outside and may be some time. Suffering from the effects of scurvy and frostbite, and fearing his maladies placed the rest of his companions at risk as they attempted to reach the South Pole for the first time in history, Oates uttered these final words according to expedition leader Robert Falcon Scotts journal. After his comrades refused his first attempt to sacrifice himself for their safety, Oates said these words as he left the groups shelter during a blizzard. Unfortunately, his heroic sacrifice did not save his companions, who died from exposure a little more than a week later. Taylor Sauer (2012) I can’t discuss this now. Driving and facebooking is not safe! Haha. While driving from Utah State University to her parents home in Idaho in January 2012, 18-year-old Sauer reportedly sent a text message every 90 seconds while behind the wheel during the four-hour trip. After sending the last message (above), her car slammed into the back of a truck at an estimated 80 miles per hour. John Sedgwick (1864) Im ashamed of you, dodging that way. They couldnt hit an elephant at this distance. The highest-ranking Union officer to die during the American Civil War, Major General Sedgwick chastised the men in his command for reacting to Confederate sharpshooter fire while placing artillery in preparation for (what is now known as) the Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse in Virginia moments before a snipers bullet ended his life. Sources:Driving and facebooking is not safe! Haha: Chilling last text sent by teenage driver seconds before she died in 80mph horror crash, March 6, 2012. Daily Mail. Retrieved March 2, 2014. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2110646/Driving-facebooking-safe-Haha-Parents-daughters-text-predicted-fatal-mistake-seeking-change-driving-laws.html

Saturday, February 15, 2020

The oil sands of Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The oil sands of Canada - Essay Example In the first part of the video, the narrator establishes the fact on the demand of oil resources for energy consumption all over the globe. From heating the home to the common city lifestyle, energy generated from the oil is arguably empirical for the contemporary world. But with higher demands and lesser oil reserves, the narrator observes, there is a need to find new ways on obtaining oil resources; and oil sand is this new way of generating oil material. In the 60 Minutes film with the title â€Å"The Alberta Oil Sands,† on the other hand, its main thesis is the growing popularity of Canada as the next country that produces oil resources to the world particularly to the United States. Moreover, the film narrator remarks that the oil companies in Athabasca provide high amount of salary to their workers in order to lure them to work for a long period of time amidst the distance and unfriendly climate condition marked in such region in Canada. And finally, in the â€Å"Dirty Oil† video documentary, the film subtly criticizes the oil sands acquired, processed, and consumed by oil companies for the reason that this oil type greatly harms the human habitat and the environment. In watching these films, the most surprising part to me was the fact that sands can be a substitute for oil. Well yes, not all sands, nevertheless, the truth remains that tar sands -- an uncommon type of sand -- can be converted into energy. There is a need, of course, to process this particular sand type through modern technologies prior to its oil conversion. I must admit that technology or its invention is no longer surprising to me. With vast array of gadgets and technological items visible in the modern world, I seem to find technology per se as something quite common. Perhaps the reason why I am surprise to know about oil in sand is because the term â€Å"oil† is widely defined in terms of liquid form. Meaning to say, the oil resource is acquired in its liquid form and is not processed extensively using sophisticated technological equipments and techniques. In the long span of my life, it has been inculcated in my brain that oil is not solid but liquid. And seeing or knowing oil in sand is very mind twisting to me. Of the three films that I agree the most -- with respect to thesis or main idea -- is the Dirty Oil video documentary. In this film, the argument is substantially taken from the environmental perspective. It is true that America and the rest of the world are addicted to oil. Nonetheless, as the documentary argues, there are consequences to the choice of utilizing oil as an energy-generating medium. The tar sands, for example, are taken into the factory for processing and conversion to usable oil. The dilemma created in this sort of process method is an environmental one: gas emission that pollutes the air. Conversely, the Dirty Oil film gives a recommendation on how to produce or create energy without necessarily destroying the nat ural ecology and environment: via wind energy among other environmental friendly energy technology. On the other hand, the AOSP and 60 Minutes films are largely framed in the organizational, economic, and political spheres. In AOSP, the narrator merely states the companies that comprise the oil project prominent in Canada. One of the rationales for pursuing this project is to provide the world with oil reserves amidst its demand for energy. Admittedly, I do not agree to this line of argument. For one, energy can be generated or created without

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Operations Management - Essay Example The period from Friday to Monday was commercially feasible, with more or less exactly twice as many sightseers on Saturdays and Sundays than on Fridays or Mondays. People usually start coming before 4:00 pm, as they would like to see the milking and then leave for home. However, neither Fred was not ready to start earlier and neither were the cows. Nonetheless, generally, people are tolerant and every person gets their turn to observe the bit of high technology. The accessibility of the farm also causes a number of problems. The entire competences of the organisation are not within reach of every client. The once weekly deliveries by Gillian as well causes issues as shops and dealers are not capable to function in a ‘just in time’ manner, limiting the selling methods that can be put to use. The problems Gillian faces while making an effort to boost their productivity is huge. A few of which were recognized as, to increase the amount of dairy farm sightseers during the ye ar 2012 by 50 percent from 14800 paying farm sightseers during the year 2011 to 22200 paying farm sightseers during the year 2012.... Together with the small viewing space, lack of ice cream flavour variation as well as the insistent advertising drive of rivals the amount of business generated from every client is lesser as compared to the amount that is required. Key to business expansion is repeatedly raising sales by means of boosting the business generated from every client and increase the concentration of the business on client contact. With the intention of examining as well as suggesting alternative preferences, information on the condition of the market as well as the opposition present must initially be collected. The major crisis is evidently the amount of visitors presently being received by the dairy farm and the way this figure could be improved. â€Å"Sudden changes of previous trend hardly happen excepting entering strong new players into the region, spoiling the farm's reputation hugely and investing tremendously on the marketing for its farm shop. Moreover, in terms of Holly Farm's managing on it s farm visitors, this sudden change of the number of visitors could lead to collapses of its operations. These reasons discussed above clearly show that Gillian's demand forecast is not reliable Hence, they have to forecast in the other way† (Waters, 2002, p. 82). Other then the capacity constraints, the milking parlour has queuing issues. This case indicated that more or less 80 individuals visited the gallery from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm on a busy day. As a result, a line is made earlier than beginning the milking parlour and is not explained the line for a moment. The queuing issue simply leads to customer discontent and could give rise to severe drop in its entire returns. Abolishment of explanatory audio tape through headphones would be useful. It is understandable that the tape